How to Reverse a 3-Phase Motor
Three-phase motors rely on a polyphase system for delivering continuous alternating current. Instead of the single power lead used in single-phase electrical systems, three-phase systems use three power leads. Each power lead is a phased 120 degrees apart from the other two leads, making them perfectly balanced. When each phase of the three-phase system is connected to its proper terminal in the three-phase motor, the motor runs forward, as it was designed. However, if so desired, the motor can be reversed by switching the order of the phases.
Shut the breaker off that supplies power to the three-phase motor, then lock the breaker with a padlock to prevent the breaker from being turned on while you are working on the motor.
Unscrew and remove the cover of the motor using a flathead screwdriver, and determinate two of the three phases using a flathead screwdriver. It doesn’t matter which two phases are removed: T1, T2 or T3.
- Three-phase motors rely on a polyphase system for delivering continuous alternating current.
- Each power lead is a phased 120 degrees apart from the other two leads, making them perfectly balanced.
Swap the two phases and refasten them using a flathead screwdriver. Reinstall the cover.
Restore the power. The motor now runs in reverse because two of the phases have been swapped.
Troubleshoot A 3-phase Electric Motor
Three-phase motors are normally used in commercial-type operations. These motors have fewer parts and are more sturdily built than their single-phase counterparts. Take input voltage to the motor using the volt ohmmeter. The motor-specified voltage must be present on all three phases. Examine the motor's electrical connections and terminals. Remove power to the motor and repair any damaged or loose connections. Remove motor voltage and disengage the motor from the machine that it is running. If it does, check the machine for serviceability. Replace motor if it will not restart.
- Swap the two phases and refasten them using a flathead screwdriver.
- Take input voltage to the motor using the volt ohmmeter.
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References
- "Electrician's Pocket Manual" (Pocket References (McGraw-Hill)); Rex Miller; 2005
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Writer Bio
Eric W. Thompson began his writing career in 1996 and is now a member of the All-USA Academic Team, having been featured in "USA Today" as one of the top 20 community college students in the country. He is currently taking a break from earning an undergraduate degree in contemplative psychology at Naropa University.
